Elite Rheumatology and Arthritis Center
Dr. Sumalatha Nandikonda, MD
1727 Orlando Central Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32809
Phone/Text: 407-888-5980

Fax: 4078882492

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“Please note that Elite Rheumatology and Arthritis Center operates under the legal business name 
Sunshine Specialty Healthcare LLC”.

What is Osteoarthritis? 

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis. It occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of your bones wears down over time. OA can affect any joint, but it most often involves the knees, hips, hands, and spine.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Aging: Cartilage naturally wears down over time

• Joint injuries or overuse

• Obesity: Extra weight puts stress on joints

• Genetics: Family history may increase risk

• Bone deformities or misalignment

Symptoms

• Joint pain or aching during or after activity

• Stiffness, especially in the morning or after rest

• Swelling or tenderness around joints

• Loss of flexibility or decreased range of motion

• Clicking or grinding sensation during movement

Diagnosis

To diagnose OA, your doctor may use:

• Physical exam to assess joint function

• X-rays to look for bone changes or cartilage loss

• MRI or other imaging in select cases

• Joint fluid analysis to rule out other conditions

Treatment Options

While OA is not curable, many treatments help manage symptoms:

• Lifestyle Changes:

  • Weight loss to reduce joint stress

  • Low-impact exercise (e.g., walking, swimming)

  • Joint protection and pacing activities

• Medications:

  • Pain relievers (acetaminophen, NSAIDs)

  • Topical creams

  • Joint injections (steroids or hyaluronic acid)

• Supportive Therapies:

  • Physical therapy

  • Braces or orthotics

  • Heat and cold therapy

• Surgery: Joint replacement may be considered if other treatments don’t help

Self-Care Tips

• Stay active to keep joints flexible

• Use proper body mechanics and posture

• Apply ice or heat to relieve pain and stiffness

• Work closely with your rheumatologist to manage flare-ups

Take Control of Joint Health
With the right care and lifestyle changes, most people with OA can lead active, fulfilling lives