Inflammatory myositis refers to a group of rare autoimmune diseases that cause chronic muscle inflammation, leading to muscle weakness, fatigue, and sometimes involvement of the skin, lungs, or joints. The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy muscle tissue, causing damage over time.

 

Common types include:

• Polymyositis (PM)

• Dermatomyositis (DM) (includes skin rash)

• Inclusion Body Myositis (IBM)

• Immune-Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM)

 

Common Symptoms

• Progressive muscle weakness, especially in the shoulders, hips, neck, and thighs

• Difficulty climbing stairs, lifting objects, or rising from a chair

• Muscle pain or tenderness

• Fatigue

• Skin rashes (in dermatomyositis), often on the face, knuckles, or chest

• Swallowing difficulty or shortness of breath (in severe cases)

 

What Causes It?

The exact cause is unknown, but it may involve:

• Immune system dysfunction

• Genetic factors

• Environmental triggers (e.g., infections, certain medications)

• Association with other autoimmune diseases or cancers in some cases

 

How is It Diagnosed?

Your rheumatologist may order:

• Blood tests (to check for muscle enzymes and autoantibodies)

• MRI (to detect muscle inflammation)

• EMG (electromyography to assess muscle function)

• Muscle biopsy (to confirm diagnosis)

• Skin or lung imaging/tests if other organs are involved

 

Treatment Options

The goal is to reduce inflammation, improve muscle strength, and prevent complications:

• Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone) to reduce inflammation

• Immunosuppressants (e.g., methotrexate, azathioprine)

• Biologic therapies (for resistant cases)

• Physical and occupational therapy

• Speech or swallow therapy if needed

• Sun protection (for skin symptoms in dermatomyositis)

 

Living with Inflammatory Myositis

• Stick to your medication and therapy plan

• Practice gentle, regular exercise to maintain strength

• Report any new symptoms promptly

• Maintain a balanced, anti-inflammatory diet

• Get regular follow-ups to monitor disease and treatment response

 

You're Not Alone
With early diagnosis and the right treatment, many people with inflammatory myositis regain strength and lead active lives. Our team is here to support your journey